What’s the Difference Between Integrated Graphics and Discrete Graphics?

Have you ever wondered how graphics show up on your PC or laptop device? Well, it’s not magic, it’s science. Computers are made up of various moving parts that peak in a collaborative process. There is a lot going on behind the case, and graphics are just one portion. The Central Processing Unit is the main hub of the motherboard, and it is from there the graphics are offloaded. Whether they are integrated or discrete is a personal choice, but there are advantages to consider for both. Read on for more information about the differences between integrated and discrete graphics.

Integrated Graphics

Integrated graphics rely on the CPU of the main computer. They are entirely dependent in terms of RAM and power outputs, therefore the efficacy of their function is dictated by internal components. They are commonplace for smaller devices like laptops or Chromebooks, but some PC models have integrated graphics chips too.  

Discrete Graphics

Sometimes known as dedicated graphics owing to their standalone nature, these chips are a GPU system unto themselves. They are powerful, some more than others, and more capable of finer, more perfect graphics rendering than their integrated counterparts. They are dependent on only their in-built components in that there is dedicated RAM (VRAM), and CPU too. So, unlike integrated chips, discrete ones add to the process by boosting power and functions.

Key Differences

Both offerings perform the same function, i.e., rendering graphics on a screen, but there are some key differences to consider between the pair. The discrete version is certainly better and more capable for heavier, more demanding graphic situations and would be aptly suited to avid gamers and creative professionals (planning, design, etc.). However, if lowkey graphics are all that’s required, most integrated offerings will do just fine. Recent innovations have bolstered integrated chips; if anything, the technology is better than it ever has been, as seen here with the example of Intel Arc Graphics.

The Position

Integrated graphics chips are located in the CPU on the motherboard. Discrete graphics are a separate unit entirely, their own entity in a way. Whereas the integrated chip sits ready-made, the discrete GPU must be installed manually. To do this there must be a PCIe slot on the chosen motherboard, and a steady hand to carry out the task.

Cooling Capacity

PCs with a high demand graphics output, for example, for gaming or media purposes, require a comprehensive cooling system to deter malfunctioning. A discrete graphics system, like a GPU card, is easier to keep cool as it is a standalone feature. Therefore, they tend to run faster and more efficiently than integrated GPU systems because they are not hindered by temperature factors. However, integrated chips tend to produce less heat overall than discrete systems so it may not be an issue if the device is, say, a laptop or similar. It is more common to find integrated chips on laptop devices regardless, but it is also easier to keep laptops cool during more demanding tasks on their CPU.

Memory Factors

Integrated graphics depend on the memory of the wider device, as discussed above. Therefore, when performing more complicated tasks such as rendering, they may draw upon a higher percentage of RAM which then displaces the general capacity of the remaining components. The consequences of this are a slow machine that struggles to keep up and often glitches. Discrete GPUs have their own VRAM installed in the hardware. This is a contrast to integrated graphics chips that rely on the RAM of the PC they are attached into. Evidently, independent VRAM is much more of an attractive prospect than the alternative as it enabled faster gameplay, fewer storage woes, and generally favourable bandwidth conditions.

The Power Usage

When it comes to power, whether that is the battery life on a laptop or power output on a PC, integrated graphics are better. GPUs require a ton of power because they do a lot of things to keep their purpose alive. Integrated chips are not as powerful, and therefore are less of a drain on resources. Which side you land on in terms of power usage depends on what you need the graphics to do. If you do not work heavily with graphics software, and media files, or use your device for gaming, then it is less likely that you need a dedicated GPU piece, and the integrated chip option should be more than sufficient for lower-level tasks and lessened demand.

Conclusion

Integrated or dedicated, that is the question. The answer is exclusive to every user in a unique way. Unlike aesthetic preferences, this is a choice of practicality and function; a crucial decision that will make the purchase worthwhile or defunct. The on-screen experience is an integral part of every setup regardless of the output and intention.